Shih Tzus are known for their charming personalities, luxurious coats, and affectionate nature. As loyal companions, they thrive in family settings and make excellent pets. However, like all breeds, Shih Tzus have specific health challenges that can affect their lifespan. In this article, we’ll explore the average lifespan of Shih Tzus, common health issues they face, and how you can prolong their lives with proper care.

Average Lifespan of Shih Tzus

Shih Tzus typically live between 10 to 16 years, with some even living longer with excellent care. Their lifespan can be influenced by a combination of genetics, diet, exercise, and regular veterinary care. With the right attention and preventive measures, your Shih Tzu can enjoy a long and healthy life.

Common Causes of Death in Shih Tzus

Understanding the common health issues that can affect Shih Tzus is crucial for preventing or managing these conditions early. Here are some of the most prevalent causes of death in this breed:

Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome (BAS)

• Description: Shih Tzus are a brachycephalic breed, meaning they have a short nose and flat face. This structure often leads to breathing difficulties due to obstructed airways.

• Symptoms: Symptoms include noisy breathing, snoring, exercise intolerance, and coughing.

• Prevention/Treatment: Weight management and avoiding excessive heat or strenuous activities can help manage this condition. In severe cases, surgery may be required to improve airflow.

Dental Disease

• Description: Due to their small mouths and tightly packed teeth, Shih Tzus are particularly prone to dental issues like periodontal disease, which can lead to more severe health complications.

• Symptoms: Symptoms include bad breath, swollen gums, difficulty eating, and tooth loss.

• Prevention/Treatment: Regular brushing and professional dental cleanings can help prevent dental disease. Early detection and treatment can prevent further complications.

Eye Problems

• Description: Shih Tzus are prone to a variety of eye conditions, including corneal ulcers and cataracts, due to their prominent eyes and shallow eye sockets.

• Symptoms: Symptoms include squinting, redness, discharge, and cloudiness in the eyes.

• Prevention/Treatment: Regular eye check-ups and keeping your dog's face clean can help prevent these issues. Eye drops and surgery may be required for more severe cases.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

• Description: Shih Tzus are prone to IVDD, a condition where the discs between the vertebrae in the spine rupture or herniate, causing pain, nerve damage, and in severe cases, paralysis.

• Symptoms: Symptoms include pain, reluctance to move, and difficulty walking.

• Prevention/Treatment: Avoiding jumping from heights and keeping your dog at a healthy weight can help prevent IVDD. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

Hypothyroidism

• Description: Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, leading to a slowed metabolism.

• Symptoms: Symptoms include weight gain, lethargy, and skin issues.

• Prevention/Treatment: Hypothyroidism is managed with daily thyroid hormone replacement medication and regular blood tests to monitor hormone levels.

Preventive Measures and Care for Shih Tzus

To help your Shih Tzu live a long, healthy life, it’s important to take preventive measures that address their specific needs and health risks. Here are some key areas to focus on:

Diet and Nutrition

Providing a balanced diet is essential for maintaining your Shih Tzu's health. Consider the following guidelines:

• High-Quality Food: Feed your Shih Tzu a high-quality dog food that meets their nutritional needs. Look for foods rich in protein, healthy fats, and essential vitamins and minerals.

• Portion Control: Monitor your dog's weight and adjust portion sizes to prevent obesity, which can exacerbate joint and respiratory issues. Use a measuring cup or food scale for accurate portioning.

• Avoid Toxic Foods: Keep your Shih Tzu away from foods like chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, and garlic. Be aware of foods that can be harmful to dogs and keep them out of reach.

• Consistent Feeding Schedule: Establish a feeding schedule to promote healthy digestion and prevent overeating. Divide their daily food allowance into two meals to keep their energy levels balanced throughout the day.

Regular Exercise

Shih Tzus require moderate exercise to maintain their health and mental well-being. Here are some exercise tips:

• Daily Walks: Provide short, daily walks to promote cardiovascular health and prevent obesity. These walks also provide mental stimulation and help build a stronger bond with your dog.

• Interactive Play: Engage your Shih Tzu in gentle play sessions with toys that encourage their natural instincts, such as puzzle feeders or fetch toys.

• Avoid Overexertion: Given their brachycephalic structure, Shih Tzus should avoid strenuous exercise and excessive heat. Keep activities moderate and ensure plenty of rest breaks.

Veterinary Care

Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial to keeping your Shih Tzu healthy and catching potential issues early. Consider the following aspects of veterinary care:

• Routine Exams: Schedule annual or bi-annual veterinary examinations to assess your dog's overall health, detect any abnormalities, and update vaccinations.

• Vaccinations: Keep your Shih Tzu up-to-date on core vaccinations, including rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus. Consult your veterinarian about additional vaccines based on your dog's lifestyle and location.

• Parasite Prevention: Implement a year-round parasite prevention plan that includes flea, tick, and heartworm prevention. Regularly check for signs of parasites and consult your veterinarian for appropriate treatments.

• Dental Care: Discuss dental care with your veterinarian, including regular cleanings and at-home brushing. Dental issues can escalate quickly in Shih Tzus, so early prevention is key.

Supplements

In addition to a balanced diet, supplements can support your Shih Tzu’s health, particularly as they age. Consult your veterinarian before introducing any supplements. Here are some commonly recommended options:

• Joint Support: Supplements containing glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids can help with joint health and mobility, reducing the risk of arthritis.

• Probiotics: Probiotics support digestive health by promoting a healthy balance of gut bacteria, particularly useful during times of stress or dietary changes.

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3s support skin and coat health, reduce inflammation, and promote overall heart health. Fish oil supplements are a common source of omega-3s.

• Antioxidants: Antioxidant supplements, such as vitamin E and C, help protect cells from damage and boost the immune system.

Environmental Safety

Creating a safe environment for your Shih Tzu is essential to prevent accidents and injuries. Here are some tips to ensure their safety at home and outdoors:

• Secure Fencing: Ensure your yard is securely fenced to prevent your dog from wandering off or encountering potential dangers.

• Non-Slip Flooring: Provide non-slip flooring in areas where your dog spends time to prevent falls, especially for older dogs with joint issues.

• Safe Toys: Choose durable toys that are appropriate for your dog's size and chewing habits. Avoid toys with small parts that could pose a choking hazard.

• Temperature Control: Keep your Shih Tzu cool in hot weather and avoid leaving them outdoors in extreme temperatures. Their brachycephalic structure makes them more vulnerable to heat exhaustion.

When It’s Time to Say Goodbye

Despite your best efforts, there may come a time when your Shih Tzu’s quality of life begins to decline due to age or illness. Making the decision to euthanize a beloved pet is one of the hardest choices a pet owner can face, but it is sometimes the kindest option to prevent further suffering.

When considering this decision, keep the following in mind:

• Consult Your Veterinarian: Talk to your veterinarian to understand your dog’s condition, treatment options, and overall prognosis. They can provide professional guidance to help you make an informed decision.

• Assess Quality of Life: Evaluate your dog’s daily comfort, mobility, appetite, and overall enjoyment of life. If your dog experiences more bad days than good ones, or if they are no longer interested in activities they once enjoyed, it might be time to consider euthanasia.

• In-Home Euthanasia: Many owners choose in-home euthanasia to provide a peaceful and familiar environment for their pet’s final moments. This allows your Shih Tzu to be surrounded by loved ones in the comfort of their home, making the process as stress-free as possible.

• Support Systems: Coping with the loss of a pet is emotionally challenging. Reach out to friends, family, or pet loss support groups to help you navigate the grieving process. Remember, it’s okay to seek help and share your feelings with others who understand what you’re going through.

• Commemorate Your Pet: Honoring your pet’s memory can provide comfort during this difficult time. You might consider creating a memorial, such as planting a tree, compiling a photo album, or holding a small ceremony to celebrate the joy your Shih Tzu brought into your life.

If you are facing this difficult decision, compassionate euthanasia providers can help guide you through the process with dignity and care. Visit Rough Day Pets to find providers who can assist in ensuring your Shih Tzuh a peaceful and dignified farewell.

Conclusion

Owning a Shih Tzu is a wonderful experience filled with joy, companionship, and love. These affectionate and loyal dogs can live long, healthy lives with proper care and attention. By understanding the breed’s specific health risks and taking preventive measures, you can ensure that your Shih Tzu enjoys a fulfilling life well into their senior years. Though their lifespan may be shorter than we’d like, the memories and bond you share with your Shih Tzu will last forever, leaving an unforgettable imprint on your heart.